Logistics terms D
Dangerous Goods
The term used by the International Maritime Organisation for dangerous cargo or materials. This includes articles or substances that may pose a significant risk to health, safety or property and that usually require special attention when transported.
Dangerous Goods Declaration
This Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) must be provided by the shipper to the shipping line in accordance with the IMDG rules. On the basis of this data, the shipping line determines whether the goods can be accepted for transport. If this data is not supplied in good time and correctly, the shipping line can refuse the cargo.
Dangerous goods surcharge
Dangerous goods surcharge: the Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) must be provided by the shipper to the shipping line in accordance with the IMDG rules. On the basis of this data, the shipping line determines whether the goods can be accepted for transport. If this data is not advised in good time and correctly, the shipping line can refuse the cargo.
DAP
Delivered at Place, DAP, (agreed place of destination) is a non-maritime condition. The transfer of costs and risk takes place after the goods, not cleared and unloaded from the arriving means of transport, have been placed at the disposal of the buyer at an agreed place of destination. That place can also be the unloaded ship. The seller has fulfilled his delivery obligation at the moment the goods, unloaded from the arriving means of transport and not cleared, are available at the agreed place of destination. DAP replaces the conditions DAF, DES and DDU.
DAT
Delivered at Terminal, DAT, (agreed terminal of destination), is a non-maritime condition. The transfer of costs and risk takes place after the goods, not cleared and unloaded from the arriving means of transport, have been placed at the disposal of the buyer at an agreed terminal of destination. The seller has fulfilled his delivery obligation at the moment the goods, unloaded from the arriving means of transport and not cleared, are available at the agreed terminal of destination.
DDC
DDC is the abbreviation for Destination Delivery Charge.
DDP
Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) (agreed place of destination) is a non-maritime condition. The transfer of costs and the transfer of risk take place after the goods, cleared with duties paid but not unloaded, have been placed at the disposal of the buyer at the agreed place of destination. The seller has fulfilled his delivery obligation at the moment the goods, cleared and import taxes paid, not unloaded, are at the disposal of the buyer at the agreed place of destination.
Deadfreight
Deadfreight is the compensation that the shipper must pay when he does not use the loading space reserved for him. In the case of late changes or cancellations, the full freight costs or a large part of this amount is often charged as compensation; the so-called deadfreight.
Deadfreight
Deadfreight is the compensation that the shipper must pay when he does not use the loading space reserved for him. In the case of late changes or cancellations, the full freight costs or a large part of this amount is often charged as compensation; the so-called deadfreight.
Deadweight
Deadweight, or the carrying capacity of the ship, is the amount of cargo, expressed in weight, that the ship can load when it is loaded down to its summer freeboard mark. The carrying capacity is expressed in weight tons: long ton (1 long ton = 1,016 kg), metric ton (1 metric ton = 1,000 kg) and sometimes also short ton (1 short ton = 907 kg).
Deadweight All Told
Deadweight all told (DWAT), or the gross carrying capacity of a ship, expresses the amount of goods the ship can load, including the stores, the lubricating oil and the fuels. It also indicates the difference between the loaded and the light displacement. When one speaks of carrying capacity or DWT, one usually means DWAT.
Deadweight Cargo Capacity
Deadweight Cargo Capacity, or DWCC, is the same as the (net) carrying capacity of a vessel. This Deadweight Cargo Capacity indicates the exact cargo that can be loaded on a container ship. So, without the ship's own stores and fuels.
Degassing
Degassing is done by opening the container and letting the gases blow away. In a conditioned environment at the terminal, the gassing of containers with methyl bromide takes place for export applications. Moths, beetles, cockroaches, mites and nematodes; they are the dread of every shipper. Without measures, container loads can fall prey to these unwanted guests. In addition, many countries also prohibit the import of foreign life forms that may pose a threat to the ecosystem. Hence gassing is necessary.
Degassing
When, after the gas measurement, it appears that the container has a high gas concentration (toxic gases or vapours), the container must be degassed. This can be done by means of natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation. With natural ventilation, an authorised person opens the doors of the container and the natural gases can leave the container. With mechanical ventilation, the container is supplied with fresh air, using a ventilation system. As soon as the container is gas-free, the goods may be unloaded.
Degroupage
The opposite of consolidation of freight, namely the splitting of shipments into small shipments.
Delivery conditions
An agreement guaranteeing that the contractual conditions are met. If this does not happen, there is a financial compensation in return.
Delivery Note
Delivery Note: When goods carried under a single bill of lading are resold during the sea transport, the consignee who has sold the goods will issue a delivery order or delivery note to the various buyers, each for the part of the cargo they have bought. The delivery note is a document issued at the request of the original consignee of the cargo to the new consignees. The bills of lading can therefore be split. By the issue of a delivery note, the original bills of lading are withdrawn.
Delivery Order
When goods carried under a single bill of lading are resold during the sea transport, the consignee who has sold the goods will issue a delivery order to the various buyers, each for the part of the cargo they have bought. The delivery order is a document issued at the request of the original consignee of the cargo to the new consignees. The bills of lading can therefore be split. By the issue of a delivery order, the original bills of lading are withdrawn.
Delivery order
When goods carried under a single bill of lading are resold during the sea transport (to various parties), the consignee who has sold the goods will issue a delivery order to the various buyers, each for the part of the cargo they have bought. The delivery order is consequently a document issued at the request of the original consignee of the cargo to the new consignees. The bills of lading can therefore be split. By the issue of a delivery order, the original bills of lading are withdrawn.
Delivery order
When goods carried under a single bill of lading are resold during the sea transport (to various parties), the consignee who has sold the goods issues a delivery order to the various buyers, each for the part of the cargo they have bought. The delivery order is therefore a document issued at the request of the original consignee of the cargo to the new consignees. The bills of lading can therefore be split. By the issue of a delivery order, the original bills of lading are withdrawn.
Delivery terms
Delivery terms are international agreements on the international transport of goods (incoterms). The contract sets out standard agreements that divide the costs and risks between seller and buyer. The first incoterms date back as far as 1932. The incoterms are drawn up and published by the International Chamber of Commerce. In 1990 the incoterms were amended. The reason for this was the increasing use of electronic data traffic. The English text is the original and official version of the Incoterms 2000, which were approved by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Authorised translations in 31 languages are available from national Chambers of Commerce. In 2011 the Incoterms 2010 were registered.
Delta surcharge
The Port of Rotterdam stretches from Rotterdam city to the tip of the Maasvlakte. On the Maasvlakte, the Delta terminal was built in the early 1990s. Because the container transport rates are based on Rotterdam city, the delta surcharge was created. It covers the additional transport distance of 45 km per single trip.
Demurrage
The term demurrage has two meanings. It can refer to the compensation that the charterers must pay if the agreed loading and unloading time is exceeded and the shipowners cannot be held liable for it. Demurrage can also mean the compensation calculated for delay (damages for detention) arising because the agreed loading or unloading time has expired and no lay days are permitted or, if permitted, these have also expired.
Demurrage
Demurrage has 2 meanings: 1. The payment that the charterers undertake if the loading and unloading time agreed in the charter agreement is exceeded and the shipowners cannot be held liable for it. 2. The compensation for delay (damages for detention) arising if the agreed loading or unloading time has expired and no lay days are permitted or these have also expired.
Depot
The place designated by the carrier where empty containers are kept in stock and the containers are delivered and picked up by the users.
Destination
The area where the carrier physically hands over the freight to the consignee or agent.
Detention
Detention is the compensation that shipping lines charge their clients for the use of their containers outside the free period after they have left the terminal. As long as the container is still on the terminal outside this free period, this compensation is called demurrage.
Devanning
Devanning is the English term for the unloading of cargo from a sealed sea container. It is also referred to as the stripping, unloading or discharging of the container. This process plays a crucial role in warehouse and logistics management and increasingly makes use of digital technology. In it, loose articles are systematically removed from the loading space of sea containers.
DGD
This Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) must be provided by the shipper to the shipping line in accordance with the IMDG rules. On the basis of this data, the shipping line determines whether the goods can be accepted for transport. If this data is not supplied in good time and correctly, the shipping line can refuse the cargo.
Diesel surcharge
Diesel surcharge: besides personnel, diesel is the largest cost item of a carrier. The diesel price is subject to sometimes severe price fluctuations. In order not to have to adjust the existing price agreements every month, it was decided to charge a percentage fuel surcharge on the transport prices. This percentage is agreed in advance and may change monthly.
Direct representation
Under European regulations, it is possible to make declarations for customs procedures as a direct representative. This means that this declaration is made in the name of and on behalf of another. Through direct representation, the declarant has the possibility to appoint a representative with an authorisation. This is usually the freight forwarder. The standard authorisation states that the representative carries out all actions relating to the declaration.
Disbursements
By disbursements we mean all expenditure made by agents in the port on behalf of the ship. Think, for example, of port dues, loading and unloading costs, costs of tugboats, provisions, and so on. In marine insurance policies, the expression 'disbursements' relates to all expenditure of the shipping line before the start of the voyage, such as costs for bunkers, provisions, inventory, outgoing port dues, et cetera.
Disbursements
By disbursements we mean all expenditure that agents in a port make on behalf of the ship. Think, for example, of port dues, loading and unloading costs, tugboats and provisions. In marine insurance policies, the expression 'disbursements' relates to all expenditure of the shipping line before the start of the voyage, such as costs for bunkers, provisions, inventory, outgoing port dues, and so on.
Discharge
1. The unloading of a vehicle, a vessel or an aircraft. 2. The landing of cargo.
Dispatch money
By dispatch money we mean the compensation paid to the charterers if they do not fully use the lay days permitted under the charter party. The dispatch money is only paid if this is expressly stipulated in the charter party. This is therefore the opposite of demurrage.
Dispatch money
By dispatch money we mean the compensation paid to the charterers if they do not fully use the number of lay days permitted under the charter party. The dispatch money is only paid if this is expressly stipulated in the charter party. This is therefore the opposite of demurrage.
Diversion
A change in the route of a shipment in transit.
Documentary credit
Documentary credit is an operation whereby a bank, at the request of a buyer of a good, undertakes towards the seller of the good to pay a certain amount against the presentation of a number of clearly defined documents. Letter of Credit is the basic document for documentary credit.
Drains
Drains are (closable) openings in the floor of reefer containers with which condensation water can be drained. In combination with the degree of opening of the drains, the air humidity in the reefer can be influenced, so that the perishable cargo remains in better condition during transport. The drains in a reefer are also called vents.
Drayage
Drayage is defined as the transport of goods over a short distance, usually within the same geographical area. Drayage can, for example, be the transport from a ship to a warehouse, where this transport is only one part of the total transport. Drayage is an important aspect in the transport of shipments to and from other means of transport such as ship, aircraft and train. Port drayage is the term used for the transport from ports to nearby locations. The term drayage is also used for the fee paid for such services.
Dry Bulk Container
A container built to carry grain, powder and other free-flowing solids in bulk.
Dry Cargo
Cargo that is not liquid and / or does not require temperature control.
Dry Cargo Container
A container designed for the transport of goods other than liquids.
Dry Freight
Dry cargoes that do not need to be stored in controlled temperature environments.
DTHC
DTHC is the abbreviation of Destination Terminal Handling Charge.
Dual Use goods
For all exporting companies it is important to be aware of the regulations for strategic goods. This concerns military products or Dual Use goods. Dual Use goods, also known as dual-use goods, are goods, software and technology that are normally used for civil (civilian) purposes, but which can have military applications, or can contribute to the production or proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. These are, for example, nuclear weapons, chemical warfare agents or biological weapons. Supervision of trade in such goods is regulated in various international treaties. These may not be exported or transited without a licence. Export to certain countries is even entirely prohibited. Customs checks for this.
Dunnage
Dunnage is the placing of various materials - usually wood - between the goods for protection, for ventilation, or to make room for, for example, the forks of a forklift truck.
